PERMA-PIPE INTERNATIONAL HOL (PPIH)

Compare to the relevant previous number. (Y2Y or Q2Q)

'Revenue' or 'Sales' is the total amount of money generated from business operations.

'Cost Of Goods' are all costs made for producing the goods or services sold.

'Gross Profit' is the Revenue minus the Cost Of Goods.

'Operating Expenses' are the remaining expenses, not included in 'Cost Of Goods'

'Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses' or marketing expenses

'EBIT' or 'Operating Income' is the Gross Profit minus the Operating expenses, or also the Earnings Before Interest and Taxes

'Interest Expense' is the net amount spent or received on interests from borrowings.

'Other Income/Expense' is the total of other, non-operating income or costs which does not fit into any other category.

'Income Before Taxes' is the total of Revenue minus expenses, before Tax.

'Income Tax' is the total Tax paid.

'Net Income' is the total profit or loss of the company.

'EBITDA' is the net income with interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization added back. It is used to analyze the profitability of a company while eliminating the effect of financing.

'Earnings Per Share' or the Net Income Per Share outstanding, including all convertible securities for Total Operations

The 'Gross Profit Margin' is the Gross Profit compared to revenue as a percentage

The 'Profit Margin' is the Net Profit compared to revenue as a percentage

The 'Operating Profit Margin' is the Operating Income compared to revenue as a percentage